Societal Implications of the USA Patriot Act and How It Limits Daily Essay

Cultural Implications of the USA Patriot Act and How It Limits Daily Life - Essay Example It is obviously obvious from the conversation that one of the fundamental ways the energetic demonstration constrained people’s every day lives is by causing them to acknowledge the preposterous easygoing infringement of their essential rights. For example, the demonstration caused Americans to acknowledge without question that security offices can expose them to irrational inquiries and seizures when they are voyaging. The enthusiastic demonstration confines the privileges of Americans by expanding the abilities of government to complete observation in four territories. The demonstration enables the legislature to lead record look. It does this by extending the capacity of the legislature to look at records demonstrating a person’s action that are in outsider belonging. The Patriotic demonstration likewise approves mystery look through that empower the legislature to look through private property without giving a notification. The Patriotic demonstration likewise appro ves the legislature to lead knowledge look by stretching out an exemption to the fourth amendment that was made to empower the administration to accumulate remote insight. The demonstration additionally permits the administration to participate in trap and follow look by empowering the legislature to follow the source and focuses of interchanges and the substance. The arrangements of the energetic demonstration limit day by day life by damaging individual security. The demonstration gives the legislature unchecked capacity to look at a person’s web use, clinical history, library use, and whatever other movement that leaves a record or some likeness thereof. This not just damages singular right to security ensured in the fourth correct yet may make individuals abstain from specific exercises because of a paranoid fear of being viewed by the legislature.

Adjustments to meet needs of students with ADhd Free Essays

string(67) Regan in Jo Frost ‘s late docudrama on AD ( H ) D kids. Roughly 5 % of children experience the ill effects of AD ( H ) D ( Barkley, 2000 refered to in Kutscher, 2000 ; Green and Chee, 1997 ; Selikowitz, 2009. ) However, predominance is extremely higher and Susan Ashley ( 2005 ) proposes there are 6 to 9 for every centum of children with AD ( H ) D. Jo Frost ( 2010 ) in the ongoing broadcasting program â€Å" Extreme Parental Guidance † , states that â€Å" 1 child in each schoolroom has AD ( H ) D. We will compose a custom exposition test on Acclimations to address issues of understudies with ADhd or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now † This figure is astounding and this paper will take to take a gander at what AD ( H ) D is and how teachers and different experts in a school scene can do reasonable facilities for students with AD ( H ) D. On the off chance that there is a high frequency of AD ( H ) D inside the schoolrooms, it is basic as an educator that I and different experts are perceptive of what AD ( H ) D truly is. Promotion ( H ) D is a psychological vexed that is regularly first analyzed in youth ( Jarvis, Russell, Collis, 2009 ) and comprises of the main part of the undermentioned highlights being seen in both of the preoccupied or overactive class. These overactive or careless characteristics are more evolved than those of their equivalents at a similar age. The indications are: Distractedness ( six manifestations at any rate from this rundown ) Will in general do imprudent mistakes in their work Can non remain concentrated on an endeavor Appears to seem as though they are gliding off when they are being addressed straight and seems as though they are non tuning in Can be simple occupied by different children, articles and factors. For example what's more, loosened window in the schoolroom. Experience difficulty sorting out endeavors Does non complete school task or employments. Keeps away from endeavors that include continued going to for case prep. Loses gear or notes required. Neglectful. The individual can non recover what happened this forenoon yet can recover occasions from 6 mature ages prior Hyperactivity ( six manifestations at any rate ) Squirms Leaves their place without authorization in classification or at wrong occasions Has issue being fairly during dramatization Runs or climbs excessively Exchanges excessively Shows up â€Å" on the spell † Impulsivity Hinders Can non hold up their twist Can name out the answer to a request before the request is to the full inquired. ( adjusted from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth release, 2000 in Jarvis, Russell, Collis, 2009, pp57 ; Kutscher, 2000, Chadd, 2008 ; National Institute of Mental Health, 2008 ) Promotion ( H ) D is in two boss sorts as previously referenced the careless kind or the overactive and unprompted sort. For the unmindful kind this is generally analyzed after the age of 7 in late essential or optional school. Here the proportion of male childs to misss are around commensurate, by and by it is analyzed more in male childs. The selective activity with this sort of AD ( H ) D is that it influences scholarly open introduction where wiped out people are portrayed as scholastic underperformers. There is the other signifier of AD ( H ) D which is the overactive and unprompted sort which predominantly has male childs who are determined to have this signifier. People who experience the ill effects of this signifier of AD ( H ) D will in general be the individuals who have progressing conduct issues and can squirm and be simple diverted ( Selikowitz,2009. ) Persons can suffer from a blend of the two signifiers of AD ( H ) D. Promotion ( H ) D has been a disputable diagnosing for some mature ages. Research laborers are as yet bantering over what the genuine reason is ; heredity or endocrine anomalies. The media appear to be rapid to blame the guardians thus make laypeople who do non comprehend the develop of AD ( H ) D and territory it is a â€Å" present day name for seriously raised childs † ( Jo Frost, 2010 ; Ashley,2005 ; Green and Chee, 1997 ) . Conversely the most predominant ground for AD ( H ) D is a synthetic precariousness, this being 5-hydroxytryptamine. Serotonin influences how people act and with this precariousness will do people to be unprompted and show hostile to social conduct ( Moir and Jessel, 1997 refered to in Haralambos and Holborn, 2000 ) . Haralambos and Holborn ( 2000 ) support Moir and Jessel ( 1997 ) in the idea that an impact of hormonal dangers is that these children will go delinquents in the nearby from this point forward and will follow in avoidances or intruding on the statute and being skilled to a tutelary sentence. For educators it is of import to perceive when an understudy could hold AD ( H ) D and see how it can affect the student with their surveies. During this article I will use delineations from my learning involvement with my present school to explain how the school and myself makes reasonable facilities for understudies with AD ( H ) D. Schools are required to do â€Å" reasonable housing for impaired students with conditions that offer ascent to conduct employments † expressed a High Court assessment in 2009 under the method of the Disability and preference Act. This occasion was in regards to a nine twelvemonth old who had been avoided because of holding AD ( H ) D and rubing a teacher who was truly taking him from the schoolroom ( EHRC on the web, 2009 ) . For anonymity aims I will talk understudies using the names understudy An and B Understudy A will be a twelvemonth 7 student ( 11 mature ages old ) who was determined to have AD ( H ) D in twelvemonth 4 of grade school. He was ousted in twelvemonth 5 and sent to a student referral unit in the neighborhood nation because of separation from his surveies and being vicious and wild in the schoolroom. He apparently is resistant and determined with most extreme unprompted tendencies. Understudy A show cut off AD ( H ) D inclinations non for the most part observed at my present school with oppositional upset. Biederman, Munir and Knee ( 1987 ) led an overview on kids uncovering AD ( H ) D includes and noticed that 64 % of members showed oppositional upset, this being student An is reluctant to adjust and may look to cloth others on purpose ( Kutscher, 2000 ) .He is depicted as being like the 7 twelvemonth old male kid Regan in Jo Frost ‘s late docudrama on AD ( H ) D kids. You read Acclimations to address issues of understudies with ADhd in classification Paper m odels Student A did non sit any cardinal stage 2 investigations as he was out of standard guidance in any case he is skilled in Mathematics. He resulted in these present circumstances school in September, a standard far reaching to come back to regularity. So as to do the section from the understudy referral unit to auxiliary school smooth, student A was put on a decreased timetable until the October half term. Understudy A was familiar with brief exercises and finishing at 2.30pm. Here he has 3 times of 2 hr exercises with a brief break in period 1 and a brief tiffin in period 2. The school balanced its exercise length from 6 1 hr exercises to 3 2 hr exercises as research has upheld the idea that more drawn out exercises chop down accentuation and nervousness what's more do less break ( for outline, from the movement between exercises ) ( Kutscher, 2008 ) . This school would be perfect for those suffering from AD ( H ) D who will in general suffer from nervousness upset ( 34 % of A D ( H ) D debilitated people ; Kutscher, 2000 ) , as tiffins have less students due to being lurched during period 2 in this way understudies are non confronted with huge gatherings of individuals who can divert or do frightening condition of affairss. At the point when student A was on a diminished timetable he missed period 3 on a Thursday and the two exercises on a Friday. This caused extraordinary reasonings for the understudy as he missed his solitary maths exercise what's more the handy subjects of physical guidance and supplement designing. The peaceful help crew figured it is ideal to fuse the student simple into the school which has an alternate development ( fuse course of study with 14hours with a similar teacher learning English and humanistic trains in a similar exercise ) and staying away from the physical subjects and maths until he had got familiar with the earth and educators. In any case, I feel that student A has non had the option to build the key associations with understudies and educators each piece great as his equivalents strting auxiliary school at a similar clasp as obviously he has non been in my maths classification and has non seen the collaboration of the students with me or the communications between gatherings of understudies inside the classification. Burglarize Plevin and Flinton O ‘ Reegan ( 2009 ) and cooper and O’Reegan ( 2001 ) accentuate in their exploration that it is key teachers construct a relationship with understudies who have AD ( H ) D and try to do them involvement with effectiveness legitimately off. This will try to diminish the strained quality and make less chance of radiations occurring. Understudies need to encounter safe inside nature and realize they can do mistakes liberated from criticize. Understudy An and other analyzed AD ( H ) D students get cultural achievements creating one time a hebdomad for 2 hours. This is to better associations with equivalents and approval figures. Ashley ( 2005 ) recommends this is a strong way for the healer or perceiver to identify the Childs connection with his equivalents when in a gathering puting and it is uneffective in a single scene. In any case, others, for example, Selikowitz ( 2009 ) and Green and Chee ( 1997 ) have presented explanations saying that cultural achievements creating can hold a positive result on the children at the clasp as they can larn how their words and practices influence others around them. Be that as it may, once out of this gathering puting with the security of the healer back uping the students gone, the understudies can happen it hard to utilize these achievements to ordinary condition of affairss. I have watched a cultural achievements creating meeting and it finished in one understudy truly attacking another.

Waste Management In Construction Site In Oman Example

Waste Management In Construction Site In Oman Example Waste Management In Construction Site In Oman â€" Assignment Example > BackgroundThe increasing world human population has forced human beings to expand their capacity in order to meet their needs. The growing population demands for more food, shelter and clothing that in turn force the productivity to increase. The means through which these needs are met often result to production of wastes. The menace of waste causes a lot of managerial problems as well as challenges to natural resource management. More innovation and management measures are therefore created to reduce the impacts of; human activities generating wastes; and reduce the impacts of wastes to the environment. One important activity that meets the basic human needs is construction. There are many forms of constructions in today’s world (Saleh and Alalouch, 2015). The constructions do not only meet the basic human needs but also meet secondary and tertiary needs. Construction activities range from simple constructions that need little engineering to complex construction that requires e normous engineering skills. There is a high competition in the building industry hence the activities of construction are likely to happen every day. Regardless of the type and size of construction, there is a likelihood of wastes to be generated at all the stages of construction. These stages of construction include the preconstruction phase, the construction phase and the commissioning phase. All this stages generate either biodegradable or degradable wastes. There is also likelihood that the construction wastes from these stages of construction can produce hazardous wastes. Impact of construction wastes can therefore have negative impact to the natural and human environment. The general situation in the construction industry in the Gulf Cooperation Council currently witnesses growth (GCC Construction Industry, 2012). The government pumps a lot of money to construction as it attempts to diversify the economy. Some catalysts for construction in the country include the promising t ourism industry. Construction industry ends up getting a hefty budget allocation. According to Courtney et al. (2014), Oman has a relatively lower population pressures thus the demand for structural developments is low. However the existing projects have laid down an impressive trend that can easily be managed. The public sector in Oman is responsible for the major structural projects development in Oman. These projects includes large projects in the country. Some of the infrastructure that the central government takes care of include the infrastructure in the the trasnport sector, tourism sector, oil and gas sector. Some of the projects in the transportation sector include airports, roads and highways, railways and ports. Construction projects in the construction sector include construction of resorts and hotels. Major players in the construction sector include the government, real estate developers, project consultants, project managers, contractors, subcontractors and mmaterial suppliers. The main mmaterials used by the construction industry include cement, cement products, steel, wood, wood products, paints and sanitary systems. Not all these materials are exhausted during construction hence result to generation of wastes. Due to the wastes associated with construction of various structural projects there is need to watch the developments in the industry. Wastes are produced in various procesess and stages of construction. This paper will there for review wastes related to the construction sector, stategies of management and there advantages and the barriers of waste management strategies. The paper will also compare waste management strategies between the construction sectors of Oman and United Kingdom.

Congratulations You Have Been Accepted To College. These

Congratulations you have been accepted to college. These seven words can have a huge impact and change the future for someone. However this change can have a horrendous impact with the direction a person’s life can turn out. College is supposed to be the greatest time filled with lasting memories, memorable relationships, and a time when a recent high school graduate can prepare for a successful future. First steps are made to making dreams and aspirations come true, with a brief realization that anything is possible. Alternatively for some dreams turn into nightmares and those aspirations will come tumbling down. In the documentary â€Å"The Hunting Ground† negative aspects influenced the types of memories that were made and relationships†¦show more content†¦Until students from University of Carolina began doing research after becoming victims of rape it was common for the female to get blamed for the occurrence. In the horrific aftermath of their assaults, the victims described symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, including nightmares. One if the girls were so vivid that she would wake up bleeding stating that she was scratching her invisible rapist away from her neck. Also the victims would suffer from panic attacks, attempted suicide, and self-harm. Desperation over the severity of symptoms some of the girls delegated to go seek university administrators. The response they received from an array of administrators was overwhelmingly crude. â€Å"Rape is like a football game,† a UNC administrator told one girl. â€Å"If you look back on the game, what would yo u do differently?† Such inquisition seems the norm: â€Å"What were you wearing? Were you drinking? How much did you pregame? Did you say no? How many times did you say no?† Another girl was asked. On the other hand the rapist got a pat on the back and may have had a bad day that day and it should just be understood. One student upon being interviewed stated that â€Å"Just because you say no and you have sex are you a rapist?† The ignorance among the students, faculty, and other personnel in this documentary was astonishing. Having the belief that keeping things hushed is best for the university soShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : College And University Of Your Choosing920 Words   |  4 PagesCongratulations, you have just been accepted into the college or university of your choosing. The last six months, a time well spent perfecting your college entrance essays have paid off. The unexpected bliss of deciding your major, and knowing all of your schooling this far has lead you to this monumental milestone in your life. 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The Theory And Methods Of Revolution Essay - 1892 Words

Chinese Emperor Mao Zedong once said â€Å"If you want to know the taste of a pear, you must change the pear by eating it yourself. If you want to know the theory and methods of revolution, you must take part in revolution. All genuine knowledge originates in direct experience.† (1) This quote means that people who want to speak about real life experiences need to experience life for themselves. Indirectly, the knowledge of a person cannot be measured by the standard and perception of society due to the simple fact what that most people learn at a different pace. In addition, the capacity, how and what a person is able to learn is how we should measure how smart they are, not how well they are able to memorize a specific set of information. One cannot base the true meaning and value upon life itself, with the basis of other people’s opinion. Author and psychologist Jean Piaget saw this to be true and developed the Social Cognitive theory. Primarily, this was a case stud y; Piaget was working as an understudy for a French psychologist. The studies then lead to the beginning of a new known study by newfound psychologist Jean Piaget, he named his work, the social Cognitive theory. The social cognitive theory was used to determine the mental state and capacity of the mentally ill, and its study and development lead to the revolution of case studies around the world. Jean Piaget is the innovator who developed such a trusting and reliable study to help increase knowledge of humanShow MoreRelatedScience Throughout the Ages912 Words   |  4 Pagesof knowledge itself, of anything that can be successfully applied to a situation. Someone who practices science is known as a scientist. Modern science has been traced back to the early modern period and in particular to the scientific revolution. Scientific methods are considered so fundamental to modern science that some would even consider early inquiries to be pre-scientific. 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The power of human knowledge has enabled intellectual, economical, and social advances seen in the modern world. The Scientific Revolution which included the development of scientific attitudes and skepticism of old views on nature and humanity

Pepita the Life in the Novel Free Essays

In every novel, there is one character that seems to appeal to almost every reader. That one character seems to be the one who although they perished, they should have made it to the end of the novel. They are the lights in a dark novel, and the energy in a boring one. We will write a custom essay sample on Pepita the Life in the Novel or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the Bridge of San Luis Rey, we meet many characters, all of whom have their own value and place in the story line. Yet the one character that did not deserve the same fate as the others was Pepita. Pepita was an orphan girl who was seen in the eyes of the Abbess as having leadership skills. Such a skill would be necessary for her successor. She needed someone who was able to perform all the task that she must now perform, when she could no longer perform them. As a result Pepita was subjected to a kind of molding process. In this process she was assigned to worst task in the orphanage, which taught her administration. She also became a kind of companion for the Abbess, accompaning her on her trips, on which she was educated in the management of women, wards, and how to beg for money. Yet the strangest part of her education was the Abbess’s decision to send her to live with the Marquesa. The Marquesa was a crazy woman who made Pepita’s life even worse then it already was. As her companion Pepita was ignored constantly and lived a life of solitude. Pepita is that life in the novel, she is the only good love that exist in a world of those who either love too much or those who love too little. The Marquesa drove her daughter away, because she loved too much. Although she was able to realize this before she died, it was too late. She was not able to show this newfound love to anyone. In the case of Esteban, he was not able to love anyone else except for Manuel. While Manuel was able to love another, this caused strife between them. When Manuel died he was not able to move on, simply because he only had love for Manuel. Then we have Uncle Pio, another character who loved too much. Uncle Pio had a mindset of his three aims that he simply has to fulfill no matter what happens. This causes him to have a constant longing for the Perichole who satisfies his goals in one shot. He loved her so much, that he wanted to live his life through hers. He did this by becoming a sort of parasite on the Perichole. When he could not longer live off of her because she could not take it anymore, he tried to do it to her son. The Perichole’s son Jaime like Pepita had the true love, but would not be chosen by me, because he was a frail boy who was always sick and had not seen the hardships of life that Pepita had seen. Although he had been through a hard life, it was still not comparable to what Pepita had to go through. Jaime was also very sickly, which probably made him more humble and loved the world around him more. Most people, who have to go through what Pepita went through, end up hating the world and having no more love in their hearts. Yet Pepita was able to still have love in her heart. She was able to even change the heart of the Marquesa, who loved her daughter so much that she drove her away. Her courage is also worth admiring, she did not want to mail the letter to the Abbess, simply because she felt it was not courageous enough. Pepita has a sort of innocence that can only be found in children. All of the other characters have lost their innocence. Pepita also the most potential for becoming the type of person who will want to help others when she gets older. All of the training that the Abbess has given her has not completely failed. She has learned things that will enable her to grow up to become the type of person who others will look up too as a leader and a sort of mother figure. Out of all those that died on the bridge, I would have to say that, Pepita is the most probable one that I would save. How to cite Pepita the Life in the Novel, Essay examples

William Shakespeares Romeo + Juliet Essays - Fiction, Literature

William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet The children of two warring families fall in love with tragic consequences for all concerned. Shakespeare's play has been subject to several adaptations in the centuries since its first appearance, including movement to other media (painting, music). But in the twentieth century there have been three which have surpassed adaptation and significantly reformulated it for their media: Sergei Prokofiev's 1935 ballet, the 1957 Laurents / Sondheim / Bernstein / Robbins Broadway stage musical West Side Story and this film. Though there have been countless other film versions, including interesting and stimulating updates and adaptations like Zeffirelli's controversial 1968 rendition, Abel Ferrera's China Girl, and the 1961 film version of West Side Story, none have told the tale so vividly as film. It's not merely that the setting has been changed to a slightly futuristic Verona Beach, California and that guns have been substituted for rapiers. Though this helps to make the story more immediate to a contemporary audience, it is likely to seem as quaint in thirty years time as the stereotypes and caricatures in West Side Story do today. But over and above the surface excitations of a trendy rock score and sexy young stars is a beautifully crafted film which embraces the spirit and the letter of the text without surrendering to stage convention. It is as cinematic as Citizen Kane, and while the words are equally important (as they were in Kane), they are not all that it is. This film communicates the passions and emotions of its characters in a series of beautifully mounted sequences which roughly coincide with their stage originators but assume a unique and vividly changeable cinematic character in a way a stage version never could. From the John Wooesque shoot out which begins the film to the surreality of the Capulet ball to the operatic death of Mercutio to the baroque finale in a neon and candelit church, it never stops merely to present the dialogue for the dialogue's sake even though it retains the Elizabethan tongue. In this way the original text is unharmed but perfectly comprehensible. The images tell the story, and the dialogue complements and enlarges them. Aided then by a suitable rock and pop score and by the trappings of the contemporary setting, the film uniquely communicates the spirit of the age in which it was made, but equally tells its tale in a manner which speaks to its audience. One of its strengths is that most people won't even need to think of it in terms of a great work of cinema. It simply works. It is possible to enjoy the magic without worrying about sleight of hand. Thus casual audiences can derive as much pleasure from it as cineastes, possibly more. The performances are uniformly good, from its young stars to more experienced supporting players like Miriam Margoyles, Brian Dennehy and Paul Sorvino (John Leguizmo is particularly flamboyant Tybalt). It is fast moving and energetic to a fault, and bolstered by its flawless translation to contemporary America. It is far an away one of the most enjoyable films of recent years, and its box office success attests to its ability to perform simply on the level of popular entertainment. Of course it is not without precedents (by definition, being postmodern). Among them are two primary strands; the recent rash of 'faithful' adaptations of classic novels bearing the name of the original author in the title such as Bram Stoker's Dracula and Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (neither of which was particularly faithful in the final analysis), and some ambitious restaging of Shakespeare both in theatre and film including Richard III and Hamlet Goes Business. This dichotomy (or is it a dialectic?) between the nominally literal and the at least partially abstract is the essence of the postmodern text, and can produce cowardly non-committal works. But William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet is blessedly bereft of irony, allowing the strength of the parable to be as effective for a contemporary audience as it was upon its original production, and is more likely to produce discussion among its viewers about the tragedy itself than the merits or demerits of its manifestation. Although in one sense this return to innocence thesis is a form of denial, and indeed the film relies heavily upon the intersecting codes of postmodern existence for its pace and rhythm, it is perhaps more true a work of art than many which

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Rate of Radioactive Decay Worked Example Problem You can use the equation of the rate of radioactive decay to find how much of an isotope is left after a specified length of time. Here is an example of how to set up and work the problem. Problem 22688Ra, a common isotope of radium, has a half-life of 1620 years. Knowing this, calculate the first order rate constant for the decay of radium-226 and the fraction of a sample of this isotope remaining after 100 years. Solution The rate of radioactive decay is expressed by the relationship: k 0.693/t1/2 where k is the rate and t1/2 is the half-life. Plugging in the half-life given in the problem: k 0.693/1620 years 4.28 x 10-4/year Radioactive decay is a first order rate reaction, so the expression for the rate is: log10 X0/X kt/2.30 where X0 is the quantity of radioactive substance at zero time (when the counting process starts) and X is the quantity remaining after time t. k is the first order rate constant, a characteristic of the isotope that is decaying. Plugging in the values: log10 X0/X (4.28 x 10-4/year)/2.30 x 100 years 0.0186 Taking antilogs: X0/X 1/1.044 0.958 95.8% of the isotope remains

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Trmites para solicitar el asilo polà ­tico en EE.UU. Solicitar y obtener el asilo polà ­tico permite que personas extranjeras puedan quedarse a vivir en Estados Unidos y ganar estatus legal. Con el paso del tiempo puede obtener una tarjeta de residencia permanente –green card– y despuà ©s, si se desea, la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense. Sin embargo, una nueva polà ­tica anunciada por el gobierno del presidente Donald Trump y con fecha de entrada en vigor del 16 de julio de 2019 limita grandemente quià ©nes pueden solicitar asilo en la frontera terrestre que separa Estados Unidos y Mà ©xico, como se explica ms abajo. Causas para solicitar el asilo en Estados Unidos Puede solicitar asilo polà ­tico cualquier persona que teme, con fundamento, que pueda ser perseguida o ya ha sufrido persecucià ³n por razà ³n de: su razanacionalidadreligià ³nopinià ³n polà ­ticapor pertenecer a un determinado grupo social Si no se cumple con ninguna de estas causas, todavà ­a hay otras opciones migratorias para las và ­ctimas de: asalto sexualviolencia que califica para la visa Utrfico humano (visa T)violencia domà ©stica por ley que se conoce como VAWAprograma SIJ para nià ±os y jà ³venes solteros menores de 21 aà ±os que sufren abuso, negligencia o abandono. Dà ³nde y cundo se solicita el asilo Para solicitar el asilo es requisito imprescindible que el solicitante se encuentre presencia en Estados Unidos o en una de sus fronteras. Sin embargo, a partir del 16 de julio de 2019 todos los migrantes que se presentan en la frontera terrestre de Estados Unidos con Mà ©xico y solicitan asilo sern rechazados, excepto en dos excepciones. En primer lugar, se aceptar la peticià ³n de asilo de aquellos migrantes que puedan demostrar que pidieron asilo en al menos un tercer paà ­s por el que hayan pasado previamente y dicha solicitud fue rechazada. Y, en segundo lugar, se aceptar para su tramitacià ³n –que no quiere decir aprobacià ³n– la solicitud de migrantes que pueden probar que han sido và ­ctimas de una forma severa de trfico humano. Esta nueva polà ­tica afecta los migrantes de todas las nacionalidades que se presentan en la frontera terrestre sur de EE.UU y solicitan asilo, excepto mexicanos y canadienses, que son vecinos geogrficamente y, por lo tanto, no estar obligados a pedir asilo previamente en un tercer paà ­s. Sin embargo, sà ­ que afecta a los mexicanos que se presentan en una frontera marà ­tima. Por ejemplo, un salvadoreà ±o que sale de su paà ­s por và ­a terrestre con el fin de llegar a EE.UU. est obligado a pedir asilo en Guatemala o Mà ©xico antes que en EE.UU. ya que en la frontera estadounidense solo se aceptar su solicitud si: se cumplen los requisitos para el asilopuede demostrar que aplicà ³ en al menos un paà ­s por el que transità ³ y su aplicacià ³n no ha sido aceptada. Si eso no es asà ­, el oficial de migracià ³n de EE.UU. no aceptar una aplicacià ³n de asilo en la frontera estadounidense. Adems, las personas que ya se encuentran en EE.UU. podrn solicitar asilo antes de que pase un aà ±o a contar desde el dà ­a de la à ºltima entrada al paà ­s. Sin embargo, existen excepciones a esta à ºltima regla. Por ejemplo, si una persona ha entrado hace ms de 365 dà ­as y en su paà ­s de origen se produce un cambio de rà ©gimen que lo pone en peligro si regresa, puede entonces solicitar el asilo. Son lo que se llama circunstancias excepcionales o cambiantes. Obligacià ³n de esperar en Mà ©xico Una de las novedades en materia migratoria impuestas por el gobierno del presidente Donald Trump es el Programa de Protocolo de Proteccià ³n al Migrante, conocido por sus iniciales MPP o por Permanecer en Mà ©xico. Segà ºn este programa que comenzà ³ a implementarse en enero de 2019 en el Puerto de Entrada de San Ysidro y se ha extendido a otros puntos de a frontera sur, los solicitantes de asilo en la frontera que no pasan la entrevista de miedo creà ­ble efectuada en persona, por telà ©fono o videoconferencia con un oficial de USCIS, son puestos en un procedimiento de remocià ³n y deben esperar en Mà ©xico mientras esperan su caso. Estas personas reciben una carta en la que se le notifica quà © dà ­a deben presentarse en la entrada del paso migratorio a EE.UU. para ser escoltados por oficiales de ICE a corte migratoria, para decidir sobre master calendar de su procedimiento. Ante esa Corte es donde deben luchar para ganar su caso de asilo. Tipos de solicitud de asilo   Hay dos posibles caminos para pedir asilo: el afirmativo, que decide el Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a, (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) y el defensivo, que se tiene lugar en corte judicial. Proceso afirmativo de asilo ante USCIS Como regla general, debe esperarse un proceso largo en el que deben llenarse formularios y presentar un buen argumento de las razones para que el asilo sea aprobado. El  formulario I-589 es el que se utiliza para solicitar el asilo.  Una vez que se pone en marcha el proceso se recibir una carta del USCIS notificando la apertura del caso y su identificacià ³n con un nombre. El solicitante de asilo recibir ms tarde una carta para presentarse en un Centro de Apoyo a Aplicaciones para sacar las huellas digitales y otros datos biomà ©tricos. Si la persona que solicita el asilo incluye en su peticià ³n a su cà ³nyuge y/o hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os y estos estn en USA, debern tambià ©n presentarse para esa cita. Posteriormente, el solicitante de asilo recibir una carta en la que se fija el dà ­a y el lugar para una entrevista con un oficial del USCIS. Es muy conveniente ir acompaà ±ado de un abogado y preparar la entrevista de tal manera que todo lo que se conteste guarde consistencia con lo que se afirmà ³ en la carta de solicitud de asilo. Adems, si estn en USA el cà ³nyuge y/o hijos para los que se pide un asilo derivado, tambià ©n deben presentarse. Por à ºltimo, llevar testigos, si los hay y pueden ayudar al caso y toda la documentacià ³n que apoye el caso y sirva para identificarse, original y una copia traducida al inglà ©s. A continuacià ³n, el oficial que realiza la entrevista llega a una decisià ³n, que debe ser supervisada por su superior. En algunos casos habr internamente dentro del USCIS otra revisià ³n, pero son casos excepcionales. Finalmente, USCIS comunica la decisià ³n, bien en persona al solicitante que debe presentarse de nuevo en una oficina del USCIS o bien por carta. Si el asilo es aprobado, se puede trabajar y permanecer en Estados Unidos, solicitar un Nà ºmero del Seguro Social, sacar la licencia de manejar, y se podrà ­a tener derecho a ciertos beneficios sociales como Medicaid, SNAP o TANF.   Sin embargo, la peticià ³n puede ser denegada por cualquiera de las siguientes causas: no se reà ºnen las condiciones para ser considerado asilado por no probar miedo creà ­ble.porque se ha cometido cierto tipo de delitos graves o se es considerado un peligro a la seguridad nacional, como por ejemplo formar parte de pandillas.porque se estaba asentado de manera firme en un tercer paà ­s antes de venir a los Estados Unidospor no cumplirse con los requisitos de plazos (1 aà ±o desde la à ºltima llegada al paà ­s para solicitar) o porque previamente ya una corte lo habà ­a denegado y no hay cambios excepcionales. Si la solicitud de asilo es negada y el solicitante carece de estatus migratorio legal el USCIS lo envà ­a ante el sistema de Cortes de Inmigracià ³n donde se abre un proceso de deportacià ³n (removal proceedings) y se analizar de nuevo si tiene derecho al asilo, en lo que se conoce como procedimiento defensivo. Proceso defensivo los requisitos para asilo ante corte En el proceso defensivo de la solicitud de asilo el solicitante tiene abierto en su contra un procedimiento de deportacià ³n o de expulsià ³n inmediata  (removal proceedings). Esto sucede en varios casos. Por ejemplo: cuando el USCIS deniega una peticià ³n de asilo (tipo afirmativo) a una persona que no tiene estatus legal.cuando una persona indocumentada es detenida o es  agarrada intentando ingresar ilegalmente la frontera y  en ese momento solicita asilo.cuando una persona realiza una solicitud de asilo al llegar a un puerto de ingreso a EE.UU. y, despuà ©s de una entrevista con un oficial de USCIS, este determina que no ha pasado satisfactoriamente la entrevista de miedo creà ­ble. El juez puede conceder la peticià ³n de asilo o denegarla. En este à ºltimo caso, la decisià ³n se puede apelar. Si la solicitud se considera que fue frà ­vola, la persona que la presentà ³ no podr regresar a EE.UU. siguiendo un conducto legal. Si se agota la apelacià ³n sin que el asilo se conceda, el extranjero debe abandonar Estados Unidos, a menos que pueda conseguir algà ºn tipo de proteccià ³n, como un withholding of removal o una proteccià ³n bajo el acuerdo contra la tortura (CAT, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Asilo para los familiares inmediatos   El esposo o la mujer y los hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os de una persona a la que se le aprueba la peticià ³n de asilo pueden tambià ©n beneficiarse de ese mismo estatus, tanto si ya estn en ese momento en Estados Unidos como si estn en otro paà ­s. En ambos casos lo que tiene que hacer la persona que gana el asilo es llenar una aplicacià ³n I-730 (following-to-join) por cada uno de los miembros de su familia que reà ºnen esas condiciones. Tiene dos aà ±os para hacerlo y el plazo comienza a contar desde el dà ­a en que se le aprobà ³ la solicitud. Adems, la relacià ³n ya tiene que existir en el momento en que se aprueba la solicitud de asilo. Por ejemplo, en el caso de matrimonio, tiene que ser anterior. Cabe destacar que segà ºn las leyes federales de los Estados Unidos pueden obtener beneficios migratorios por razà ³n de matrimonio tanto los matrimonios entre un hombre y una mujer como los de gays y lesbianas. Cà ³mo conseguir un permiso de trabajo Por lo general, mientras se tramita la solicitud de asilo en Estados Unidos no se tiene permiso de trabajo. Sin embargo, puede solicitarse si han pasado ms de 150 dà ­as desde que se realizà ³ la solicitud y no ha habido una resolucià ³n del caso. Pero lo fundamental es entender cà ³mo se computan esos dà ­as. En la prctica el permiso de trabajo puede tardar mucho ms. Si el USCIS concede la solicitud, tramitar directamente la autorizacià ³n (EAD, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Si el asilo lo concede un juez de inmigracià ³n o una corte de apelaciones entonces se podr solicitar el EAD al USCIS. Si se tienen dudas de cà ³mo hacerlo, se puede solicitar una cita con el servicio de inmigracià ³n a travà ©s de Info Pass. En todo caso en el momento en el que a una persona se le concede el estatus de asilado esa persona adquiere el derecho a trabajar legalmente en Estados Unidos. Es decir, el EAD no es necesario, pero puede pedirse para utilizarlo como un I.D. Beneficios sociales Mientras se tramita el asilo algunos estados consideran a los solicitantes como PRUCOL. En estos casos tienen derechos a algunos beneficios sociales si reà ºnen los requisitos.   Cà ³mo obtener la green card Las personas a las que se le ha reconocido el estatus de asilados pueden solicitar un ajuste de estatus y la correspondiente tarjeta de residencia, conocida como green card. Para ello deben cumplir con una serie de requisitos como haber residido fà ­sicamente en Estados Unidos por al menos un aà ±o, seguir sufriendo la condicià ³n que lo ha convertido en asilado y cumplir con los requisitos necesarios para convertirse en emigrante legal en Estados Unidos. A los cuatro aà ±os de la fecha de obtencià ³n de la tarjeta de residencia pueden solicitar la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense por naturalizacià ³n. Viajar al extranjero mientras se es asilado Se recomienda solicitar unos 60 dà ­as antes de viajar un documento para viajar rellenando el formulario I-131, que es vlido por un aà ±o. Se puede salir de Estados Unidos sin esperar por la entrega del documento. Se puede solicitar que envà ­e a una oficina consular y recogerlo allà ­. En cuanto a viajar al paà ­s de origen, es algo que se puede hacer, pero con prudencia, ya que Estados Unidos puede considerar que hubo un fraude en la solicitud de asilo o que las circunstancias que motivaron su peticià ³n ya no existen y, por lo tanto, ya no cumple las condiciones para ser considerado un asilado. Estadà ­sticas latinoamericanos y asilo en EE.UU. No hay cifras oficiales del nà ºmero total de casos de asilo aprobados. Sin embargo, sà ­ hay datos parciales que se obtienen a partir de las decisiones dictadas por cortes de inmigracià ³n. Estn excluidos de dichos datos las resoluciones sobre asilo acordadas por oficiales de USCIS. Segà ºn Syracuse University, en el aà ±o fiscal 2018, las cortes migratorias de EE.UU. decidieron un total de 42.228 casos de asilo, de los cuales negaron la solicitud un 65 por ciento de las veces. En otras palabras, las cortes solo aprobaron el 35 por ciento de los casos. En cuanto a los solicitante de origen latinoamericano, las cortes decidieron sobre un total de 8.232 casos en los que los solicitantes procedà ­an de El Salvador, aprobando el 23,5 por ciento de los mismos, es decir, 1.935 salvadoreà ±os obtuvieron el asilo en corte. Se resolvieron 6.240 casos afectando a hondureà ±os, aprobndose el 21,2 por ciento de los mismos, es decir, 1.323. Se decidieron 6.052 casos de guatemaltecos, aprobndose el 18,8 por ciento de los mismos, lo cual supone 1.138 casos ganados. Y se resolvieron 5.379 casos de mexicanos, aprobndose el 14,5 por ciento, es decir 780. Cabe destacar que en algunos casos en los que se negà ³ el asilo, se autorizà ³ a permanecer en Estados Unidos aplicando alguna forma de alivio a la deportacià ³n, especialmente en el caso de ciudadanos de El Salvador, Guatemala y Honduras. Asimismo, resaltar que aunque no se cuenta con datos oficiales, se estima que USCIS aprueba un nà ºmero destacable de solicitudes de asilo presentadas por menores procedentes de esos tres paà ­ses de Centroamà ©rica. Los datos de aprobacià ³n y negacià ³n de solicitudes de asilo por pueden consultarse por nacionalidad del solicitante y corte en una herramienta creada por la Universidad de Syracuse. Asilo polà ­tico en EE.UU. Para solicitar y obtener el asilo polà ­tico en EE.UU. es necesario persecucià ³n pasada o miedo creà ­ble de ser perseguido si se regresa al paà ­s de origen por razà ³n de raza, nacionalidad, religià ³n, opinià ³n polà ­tica o membresà ­a en un determinado grupo.El asilo polà ­tico debe solicitarse en la frontera de EE.UU. o, en determinadas circunstancias especiales, estando ya presente en el interior del paà ­s. Una nueva polà ­tica del presidente Trump obliga a los migrantes que llegan a la frontera terrestre de Mà ©xico con EE.UU. a demostrar que han solicitado asilo en al menos un tercer paà ­s antes de aceptar su solicitud de asilo. Las à ºnicas nacionalidades excluidas son los mexicanos y los canadienses, por razones geogrficas.El asilo polà ­tico puede ser afirmativo, ante el Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a, o defensivo, ante Corte migratoria.En caso de obtener el asilo, los familiares inmediatos podrn tambià ©n beneficiase.La obtencià ³n del as ilo es un trampolà ­n hacia la tarjeta de residencia y, si se desea, hacia la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense por naturalizacià ³n. Este artà ­culo es solo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

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Extinction of Species - Research Paper Example The recent times have shown alarming increase in the extinction rates and the speed at which the endangered species are falling victim to the human activities. Considering this, need is felt for creating awareness, and taking solid steps in this regard to promote eco friendly activities and protect the wild life for activities as such that endanger them directly. This paper aims at highlighting the sources of problem, their consequences, and the solutions finally. Polar bears: The polar bears are characteristic feature and species of North Pole. With ever rising temperatures and melting ice glaciers, these polar bears are directly exposed to it and included in the list of extinct species. An inter related process which includes the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by human activities namely the transportation means and industries which are increasing the global temperature and directly affecting the North Pole temperatures. The rapid destruction of ozone layer is another means of extinction of animals and birds. Some animals like polar bear need severe cold temperatures and piles of glacier to survive. With increase in temperatures the toll falls directly on the sensitive creatures. As the population grows, the mankind expands its grip on different lands and areas which were once thick forests and house of wild life. As a result of all this, the wild life is getting compromised and their resorts are getting minimal every growing day. The population growth means more demand for land and apparently more forest cutting. The population of the earth is rising at a staggering rate and has surpassed a seven billion digit quite easily. With population rise arises a natural demand for space and human population utilization. Hence a direct threat and sword at the forests. With increase in population means increase in the demands, increase in the resources exploration and naturally disturbances of the natural stratosphere for fulfilling

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STRATEGIC MARKETING - Essay Example however, it seems that the company’s competitor’s have an upper hand in the market share mainly due to the fact that they have strong marketing strategies. To be at par with, or even at a better position than their competitors, the company needs to reevaluate their marketing strategy. Making use of strategic marketing practices such as strategic thinking will enable the organization to find out what their customers expect form them. Strategic Thinking BT has put in place a marketing plan for its technological products to the mass market. Although the products are doing quite well in the market place, there is room for improvement. Incorporating strategic thinking into the company’s marketing strategy will go a long way in improving the company’s competitive advantage. Strategic thinking can be defined as the process of thinking about transformations and how to prepare for them (Parvinen, Tikkanen, 2007). Strategic thinking will definitely help the company determine and understand the direction of the business and how to create a niche in the competitive marketplace. How can it help my company do a better job of ‘Marketing’? Strategic thinking will help the company be aware of industry changes that may affect its standing on the market and hence, its profitability (Alsem, 2006). The concept of strategic thinking in strategic marketing is very likely to increase the company’s profitability. Before placing products in the market, the company needs to know about the market operates. For instance, information regarding the consumers, pricing and competitors is very important in making a proper marketing plan. At BT Tech, the current marketing strategy can be greatly improved through the incorporation of strategic thinking in the whole marketing process. Strategic thinking will help the marketing team in the organization to know and understand the needs and expectations of the target market (Alsem, 2006). Successful mar keting is not possible without the consideration of how to reach the consumers. Strategic thinking will help the marketing team to not only identify the target market, but also understand their wants, how they reason and even how and where to reach them (West, Ford and Ibrahim, 2010). Knowing the target market well enough is essential if the company wants to reach them before their competitors do. Identifying and selecting a market niche is only the first step in marketing. The managers also need to strategically think about the best way of marketing the company’s products to its target market (Drummond, Ensor and Ashford, 2008). In this respect, the kind of products the company makes should be well designed to fit the needs and preferences of the market. There is no need of making a perfect strategic marketing plan when the product does not meet the needs of the customers (Parvinen, Tikkanen, 2007). Strategic thinking will therefore enable the company to produce products tha t will be well received in the market. In other words, the company will be able to produce and distribute products which will help it get ahead of the competition. Strategic thinking is also important when formulating promotional details for a specific product. In any marketing mix, promotion is a very important step as it is used to introduce products and their benefits to the audience (Drummond, Ensor

Offshore Catering Companies

Offshore Catering Companies The best way to break in the world of marine or oil rig employment is offshore catering companies. With no experience required on offshore locations, getting through the selection process is not tough either. As offshore catering companies provide catering operations in different countries, once can gain tremendous amount of experience and move up the employment ladder quickly as well. The term off-shoring has different meanings in different context. In regard with catering business, companies which relocate their business processes in different countries or provide catering services and solutions offshore are termed as offshore catering companies. The management and control of offshore catering companies is outside the jurisdiction of its primary location. These businesses are organized and maintained in offshore financial centers. Benefits of Offshore Catering Companies For a mobile workforce, food becomes the most important factor for productivity as well as well being. Traveling in sea or long hauls in abroad locations can leave any one asking for regular food which one has grown up and get accustomed to. Absence of such basic requirements can leave the workforce dejected and listless. Therefore any business set up with mobile workforce or foreign stays must hire an offshore catering company that can deliver quality food all the time with consistency in taste as well as hygiene. For a business, an offshore catering company takes care of the following things: On demand availability of food: There are times when a crew member celebrates his birthday or marriage ceremony or there is a general get together. In such conditions, nicely cooked food with some exoticness can add more sheen to the event and thus give the workforce a much needed break from the monotony of the work lifestyle. Presence of offshore catering companies on board thus can make a lot of difference in the way the crew celebrates events. Dedicated department with zero responsibility: As the food department belongs to an offshore catering company, the responsibility of arranging the infrastructure or the tools for cooking reduces to the bare minimum and the responsibility gets transferred to the offshore catering companies. Cost benefits: Needless to say, hiring an offshore catering company has many cost benefits as well. One doesnt need to set up the cooking infrastructure and bear the various overheads involved with the procurement of the raw materials and other things needed for the cooking process. However the benefits dont stop only for the companies hiring offshore catering companies, In fact the offshore companies enjoy various benefits as well such as: Tax discounts: The benefits of moving the business by offshore catering companies to an offshore location can be seen in terms of tax discounts they get by operating in offshore financial center. Less Paperwork: Another advantage of forming offshore catering companies is reduced hassles of paper work which leads to the less complicated running of operations. Also little reporting work is required for auditing and verification purposes in offshore companies. Confidentiality maintenance: By incorporating offshore catering companies one can keep the data about company structure and other affairs private which is not possible onshore. Thus offshore catering companies, when seen as a full fledged industry, which needs security of data and various financial benefits, becomes a nice ways for the regular catering companies to increase the span of their clients and services. Working in offshore catering companies Working in offshore catering companies can be highly exciting and rewarding but at the same time, quite demanding. Working for offshore catering companies requires extensive diligence and commitment. Catering work on offshore oil rigs is one of the popular jobs among jobseekers. An offshore oil company requires catering personnel like chefs, housekeeping staff and cooks on regular basis. Catering companies offer service offshoring for such requirements. The most important thing required to work in offshore catering companies is ability to handle pressure as working conditions are really challenging. The work involves the preparation and presentation of quality food, cleaning and sanitation tasks and maintenance of cordial customer relationship. Offshore catering companies require a proper back office system to track various catering activities. If you want to work in offshore catering companies then you may explore several options available apart from culinary stuff. You can get involved in activities like planning and coordination of catering events, communicating with customers about menu requirements, creating and verifying catering budget and monitoring the quality of food and ingredients used. There are number of work opportunities available in offshore catering companies like cooking, housekeeping, goods supply management, customer interaction etc. Apart from work experience one can benefit from some special training like first aid training and offshore survival training for getting hired in offshore catering companies. Opportunities for Catering Personnel working in offshore catering companies There are numerous opportunities available for catering personnel working offshore. Generally offshore catering companies get contract for offshore catering from different sectors. One of the important categories which require the services of offshore catering companies are oil rig companies. Offshore catering companies get requirement of catering staff from oil rigs not only for cooking but for a lot of other activities also, so opportunities for catering personnel are quite high and rewarding here. Listed below are some of the positions: Chef Head Cook: Chef Head Cook has the important responsibility of managing the whole kitchen and preparing good quality meals. The job requires experience because the task is to prepare sumptuous food in huge amount and that on regular basis as well. CampBoss: This is also a high level position that requires experience and is responsible for the management of whole offshore catering department.CampBossensures the smooth functioning of all the catering related activities and of course the preparation of healthy and nutritious food. There is catering staff which assists the camp boss in managing all this stuff. Housekeeping staff: Housekeeping and cleaning activities also come under the catering department in offshore companies. Offshore catering companies are required to provide housekeeping staff along with other staff. Their job involves cleaning and maintaining kitchen area, mess, recreational and sleeping halls. Night Baker: All the bread, muffins, desserts needed by crew is baked by the night baker. Offshore assistant Cook: Assistant cook helps the lead chef and also required to work as a night cook. He follows the instructions of master chef and prepares meals according to his recipes and guidelines. The options are not only many but voluminous as well. There are a plenty of offshore catering companies that generate a huge demand for such vacancies. However in order to get a job, one must show dexterity, multitasking, patience and high level of commitment.

Northampton Coursework – Delimiting the Central Business District

My study is located in Northampton, it is a large town with total population of 197,000 (according to the 2001 census), third largest in England at 21st largest settlement in England. It is located in the East midlands region of England, roughly 67 miles North West of London and lies on the river Nene which forms the border between Cambridgeshire and Norfolk and also is the ninth longest river in England and the twelfth longest in the United Kingdom. Northampton has Junctions 15,15a and a6 of M1 London to North Yorkshire. The A45 and A43 which have primary destinations to Coventry, Rugby, Wellingborough, Kettering and Corby. Northampton has railway services to London and Birmingham provided by London Midland and Virgin Trains. Sywell aerodrome is the nearest airfield which only has a grass runway but for international links, East midlands and Luton airport are quickly accessible via M1/M6 and also by train. Bus services are operated by Stagecoach, First Northampton and MK metro form Greyfriars Bus station in the town. History Northampton is the fastest growing town in England and has applied for city status. Traditionally was a shoe making and leather making town which decreased in 1960 but although some remain. Northampton in the past has been a secondary industry area but now is mainly a tertiary industry containing lots of services such as shopping malls cinemas and restraunts scattered around the town. Northampton has its own university named Northampton University. The town centre also contains many leisure and entertainment spots such as the Derngate theatre which has a capacity of 1200-1400 people at once. The Grosvenor centre and peacock place offer a large indoor shopping facilities however the market square offers an exceptional outdoor shopping facility. Local pubs also provide a great night out while on the other hand the sporting clubs offer a great chance to get involved. Theory There are two types of land use models, Hoyt model and the Burgess model. The Central Business District of a town or a city is usually located in the centre of the city or town. The CBD can be divided into two distinct concentric areas called the core and the Frame. The frame of the CBD has land uses such as office areas, some derelict land, limited light manufacturing, small shop/low grade, specialist services e.g. medical, etc. The core of the CBD is different to the frame because it contains low residential population, some vertical zoning with use of first/second floor, high density of pedestrians, concentration of banks/ business, etc. The PLVI is in the centre of the CBD and means Peak Land Value Intersection, meaning the place with the highest land value. In this investigation we are aiming to delimit the Central Business District of Northampton. Hypotheses 1. Over 70%of land use in the Grosvenor centre will be for high order comparison goods. 2. The highest pedestrian flows will be recorded on Abington Street. 3. The lowest Environmental quality scores will be recorded in the Greyfriars Area. 4. Environmental Quality will be highest in the Grosvenor centre. 5. The age of the buildings will decrease as you travel further form the CBD. 6. Highest traffic will be in the frame as there are car parks and major ring roads in the frame. Methodology (Data Collection techniques) We will collect data in Northampton on Friday the June 19, 2009. We will leave Weavers school at 9 am sharp and return back to school at 3 pm approximately. We will spend roughly 45 minutes in each of our study areas. We have split the centre of Northampton into 6 study areas and they are Greyfriars, Upper Abingdon Street, St Giles Street, Market Square, The Grosvenor Centre and Gold Street/Bridge Street. In each area we will organise ourselves into of 3-5 people so that we can collect data on land use, height of the buildings which will help us delimit the CBD of Northampton. These types of data are primary data but we may also look for sources of secondary data such as leaflets and maps. The selection of Northampton as our study area We chose Northampton as our study area for a number for reasons such as; * Northampton is convenient as it is only 8 miles from Wellingborough. * Northampton is familiar to us and we can revisit it if necessary to collect further information. * We believe Northampton is a typical of a large English town. * Northampton town is a manageable size to survey in a school day. * We have a particular interest in Northampton as it is our county town. * Northampton would be an easy place to study as we have all been there before a number of times. Hypothesises explained 1. Over 70% of the land use in the Grosvenor centre will be for high order comparison as only companies with high profits can afford the high land costs. 2. The highest pedestrian flows will be recorded on Abingdon Street as there are more services and shops for people to shop. 3. The lowest environmental quality scores will be recorded in the Greyfriars area as there is a bus station which pollutes it with air pollution. 4. Environmental Quality will be highest in the Grosvenor centre as it the major shopping area in Northampton. 5. The age of the buildings will decrease as you travel further from the CBD because it costs too much to rebuild as the land prices are high and so are the health and safety risks. 6. Highest traffic will be in the frame as there are car parks and major ring roads in the frame. Conducting a Land Use survey The purpose of conducting a land use survey is to discover the pattern of land use in the study area and attempt to map the edge of the frame and core of the CBD as this is the aim of the whole project. The procedure to conduct a land use is as follows: during the 45mins which are allowed in each of the 6 areas we code each building according to its land use with letters. The land use code varies e.g. PB for public buildings, LO for low order shops, etc. The type of data collected is qualitative as it describes type of use of each building. The advantage of this sort of data is that actually describes the type of building and is quick and easy however it doesn't tell an exact number of buildings in each category. The sampling technique is systematic as this ensures that the whole area is covered without gaps. Conducting a Traffic survey The Purpose of conducting of a traffic survey is to discover where the highest traffic counts are as theory suggests that they will be in the frame as there are lots of parking spaces. The procedure is as follows: Stand at a safe place by the side of the road and record the number of vehicles of different categories that pass you in each five minute period. The type of data is quantitative. The advantage of this sort of data is that it gives an exact number however it doesn't tell what type of vehicle it is, this would matter as if it is a local bus or a lorry are for business purposes while a car is for personal purposes. The sampling technique is systematic point sampling as we don't miss as vehicles which pass us. Conducting a Pedestrian count The purpose of conducting a pedestrian count is to discover where the highest pedestrian counts are as theory suggests they will be in the core of the CBD as there are lots of shops and services. The procedure is as follows: stand in a place where you can clearly see in both directions on the street and count the number of people that pass you in a five minute period using a tally chart. The type of data is collected is quantitative. The advantage of this sort of data is that is tells the exact number of people walking by however it doesn't tell what purpose are the people coming in the town for as this would show what is the use made by people of a particular area. The sampling technique is systematic point sampling so we don't miss any people which pass us. Conducting an Environmental quality survey The purpose of conducting an environmental quality survey is to assess the quality of the environment as in the theory the scores should be higher towards the centre of the CBD as there normally are regular cleaning schedules. The procedure is as follows: give each particular criteria a point on a 5 point rating scale which extends from +2 to -2, the criteria varies from visual impression to pollution etc. The type of data collected is quantitative. The advantage of this sort of data is that it tells exactly how polluted the area is however it doesn't tell what part of the CBD is polluted the most as there are no words and this matters because there is no point getting numbers but don't know where they come from. Data analysis and interpretation Land use- Area 1 The largest category of land use in area 1 is derelict with 21% of the total. This may be because of the current recession which affects the company's profits, closing them down. Other types of land use that are well represented include public buildings. This may be because there is good transport near it, the Greyfriars bus station in the area so the public can access the buildings. Therefore it is likely to be in the frame as it has good transport services. Land use- Area 2 The largest category of land use in area 2 is other services with 20% of the total. This may be because it has high pedestrian count, so more people can access it. Other types of land use that are well represented in area 2 include public buildings, offices and food shops. This may be because it has high pedestrian count, as it has lots of varieties of shops and services. Therefore it could be in the core as there are lots of services. Land use- Area 3 The largest category of land use in area 3 is offices with 15% of the total. This may be because it is a easily accessible area so people working in the office can access it. Other types of land use that are well represented in area 3 include financial services. This may be the fact it is mainly offices. Therefore it could be in the core as it has lots of financial services. Land use- Area 4 The largest category of the land use in the area 4 is public buildings. This may be because it is has lots of roads and a market square that people access normally, so a good place of public buildings that can be accessed be the local public. Other types of land use that are well represented in the area 4 include other services and high order comparison. This may be because, as it is next to the Grosvenor centre which his very high pedestrian counts, it is a location. Therefore this could be in the core as there are lots of services in the area. Land use- Area 5 The largest category of the land use in the area 5 is High Order shops with 40% of the total. This may be because as this area has high pedestrian flow so more people are likely to enter the shop and by goods. Other types of land use that are well represented in area 5 include Low order shops. This may be because as there is high pedestrian flow. Therefore this could be the PLVI as it is a prime shopping area with the most high order comparison shops. Land use- Area 6 The largest category of land use in area 1 is Other Services with 27% of the total. This may be because it is in a high pedestrian area and near major roads. Other types of land use that are well represented in area 6 include low order. This may be because this area is near Market square and Grosvenor centre. Therefore this could be in the core as it has quite a few services. Comparing Traffic flow in different areas The average value of number of vehicles that pass a fixed point in a minute is 41. The range of data was 92. The highest value recorded was 118 vehicles per 2 minutes at the top of Abington Street (area 2) near the A5123, this is 92 more than the lowest value and 77 more than the average. The lowest value was 26 at Drapery (area 4), this is 1 higher that bridge street (area 6) and 16 less than sheep street (area 1). As Grosvenor centre is a shopping centre, traffic flow is not applicable and the average and range were calculated excluding Grosvenor centre. Generally, as the distance from the Grosvenor centre increases so does the traffic flow. We expected to find the highest traffic flow in area 1 as there is a major bus station Greyfriars but instead we found that area 2 has the highest traffic flow. Comparing the Environmental quality of different areas The average environmental quality score was -2 while the range was 25. The highest score was 11 for the Grosvenor centre (area 5), which is 25 points higher than the lowest -14 at bridge street (area 6) and 13 higher than the average. Drapery (area 4) had a score of zero. Castilian Street (area 3) was the second lowest with -9, this 11 less than Abington Street and 7 more than Sheep Street (area 1). Generally, the further away from the Grosvenor centre lower the scores are. Grosvenor also had the best building condition and appearance but no plants or trees, while Bridge Street had the lowest building condition and appearance score also very polluted. We were expecting to find the Grosvenor centre the cleanest as it is the centre of the town and indeed we found Grosvenor centre to be the cleanest. Comparing the Age of buildings of different areas Most buildings were Post War (1946-1969). There were also a few Victorian (1830-1900) and Pre Victorian buildings (before 1830) dotted round the town. There were also some Pre World War 2 (1901-1945).However, the Grosvenor centre, the Multi-story car park, Job centre and few others are modern buildings (1970 -2009). As, so far the Grosvenor centre has been suggested by our data that it is the PLVI, normally the centre of the CBD is quite old and as you go further away the building age decreases. This is an anomaly that we have discovered because the centre of the CBD has the youngest buildings. We were expecting to find the PLVI/Core to be the oldest. Comparing the Pedestrian count of different areas The highest recorded count was 209 on Abington street (area 2) while the lowest on Hazelwood road (area 3) at just 3. Generally Area 2 has the highest count and so does the Grosvenor centre. We expected to find the highest count on Abington Street and indeed we did find that. The range of the data was 206 this suggests that the counts vary a lot from place to place. Looking back at our hypothesis Our first hypothesis was that â€Å"Over 70% of the land use in the Grosvenor centre will be for high order shops†. However, only 39% of the shops were high order which doesn't support the hypothesis but as Grosvenor has the highest percentage of high order comparison shops, it is the Peak Land Value Intersection at the centre of the central business district. Our second hypothesis was that â€Å"The highest pedestrian flows will be recorded on Abington Street†. Our data supports the hypothesis as the highest, 209 people, were recorded. This suggests that Abington Street is in the core of the CBD, also as it is a pedestrianised street it should definitely be in core. Our third hypothesis was that â€Å"The lowest environmental quality scores will be recorded in the Greyfriars area†. Our data challenges the hypothesis as the lowest score was recorded on Bridge Street. This suggests that Bridge Street is not in the core as it is not clean, generally the core of the CBD normally clean. Our fourth hypothesis was that â€Å"Environmental Quality will be highest in the Grosvenor centre†. Our data supports the hypothesis as Grosvenor centre scored 11 points, 25 more than the lowest. This suggests that Grosvenor centre is in the Core as it is the cleanest. Our fifth hypothesis was that â€Å"The age of the buildings will decrease as you travel further from the CBD†. Our data challenges this hypothesis, as the apparent PLVI is the Grosvenor centre, Grosvenor centre is a modern building (1970- 2009) while the building around it are mainly Post war (1946-1969). This suggests that Grosvenor centre is in the not in the CBD. Our sixth hypothesis was that â€Å"Highest traffic will be in the frame†. Our data shows that A5123 near Abington street has the highest traffic flow. This suggests that A5123 is in the frame as it has high traffic flow because frame has major ring roads and transport services. Reaching conclusions about the location of the core and the frame of the CBD Abington Street is definitely in the core because it has the highest pedestrian count also there are lots of high order shops. Grosvenor centre is also definitely in the core, in fact it is the Peak Land Value Intersection because it has the highest percentage of high order shops, and also it is the cleanest of all. A5123 road is definitely in the frame because it has the highest traffic flow. While, Greyfriars is also in the frame because it a major bus station, frame normally has lots transport services. Bridge street is also in the frame because has the poorest environmental quality. The boundary between the core and the frame is between Market Square and the Grosvenor centre, because market square is low order while Grosvenor centre is high order. The other boundary appears to be where Fish street meets St Giles street because there are much lower pedestrian counts and number of high order shops on St Giles street than on Fish street and Abington Street. Furthermore, The Junction near Abington street, A5123 is another boundary between the core and the frame because A5123 has the highest traffic flow while Abington street pedestriansed. There also another boundary, which is between the multistory car park (behind Grosvenor center) and the Grosvenor centre, as frame usually contains car parks while the Grosvenor is high order so it must be in the core. Evaluation of the investigation The investigation has been a success as we have rightfully discovered the extent of the core and the frame in the CBD also boundaries of the core and the frame. The collection of all the data and reaching the conclusion worked well as a part of the investigation because useful and understandable conclusions were reached also the data was effectively collected. The time period was quite short but long enough to get basic data, however for more accurate and precise data more places within the town should have been surveyed and for that longer time period would be needed. So at least 2 day trip should be organised the next time. Also we found the CBD being an anomaly as the youngest buildings were in the core, to improve this an another study place should be selected such as Milton Keynes. The results could also be compared with a similar case study in an LEDC as this would provide a greater comparison. The data might not be reliable as this data was collected during one of the worst recession, this increases the number of the derelict buildings and the total number of shops, offices, etc in the area. For example, a particular area in Northampton before the recession area could be full of high order shops but now because of recession it may be all derelict, so this affects the reliability. This is supported as we did find derelict shops even in the Grosvenor centre. The validity is also affected, the data is still valid because there wasn't an areas that was fully or mostly derelict, the impact of the recession was spread out not targeted in a particular area. We can trust our findings as these are all factual figures collected by ourselves.

Biological and Humanistic Approaches to Personality Essay

Running head: BIOLOGICAL AND HUMANISTIC APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY Mileva Repasky PSYC 250 Jean M. Porter University of Phoenix Personality can be defined as â€Å"the complex of all the attributes-behavioral, temperamental, emotional and mental-that characterizes a unique individual.† (Princeton University, n.d.) Personality has been studied and explained for a long time and is linked directly to Maslow’s humanistic and biological theories. This paper seeks to describe the biological factors that influence the formation of personality. It will also examine the basic aspects of humanistic theory that are incompatible with biological explanations of personality. The proponents of humanistic theory were Abraham Maslow and Carl†¦show more content†¦However as much as his ideas may look fulfilling, they are partially correct. The significance of environment cannot be ignored in personality assessment which the theory ignores. However, other aspects of development in human like introversion, extroversion and temperament have been represented in the theory giving it credit. (Diane, 1985). In comparison, the humanistic approach seeks to explain personality using an environment perspective while the biological view does not involve it. However, the biological approach provides detailed description of personality assessment differently to humanistic which leaves a quest for much description. Both theories are very significant in personality assessment. If merged together, they can provide an almost satisfying personality assessment. The fact that our motivation influences our personality as per the humanistic approach is true. Again, the environment we are in acts as a great determiner to our personality. On the other side, genetically make up influences how we behave, and we inherit characters that build our personality from our parents. 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